In light of the International Olympic Committee's recent discussion to drop the Modern Pentathlon from the Olympic Games, the President of the United States Sports Academy, Dr. Thomas P. Rosandich and editors of the Sport Journal feel it timely and important to publish this Special Edition to bring attention to this grave matter. We add our support to retain the Modern Pentathlon as a vital and historic event in the Olympic Games.
We are reprinting opinions of several International Olympic Committee members. The first is an abridged letter from Klaus Schormann, President of the Union Internationale De Penthathlon Moderne. President Schormann's letter is addressed to the President of the International Olympic Committee, Jacques Rogge.
Monaco, 5 November 2002
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present a review of the literature related to the study of service quality. This article reviews the discussions of the conceptualization and operationalization aspects of consumers' perceptions of service quality. It reviews several models used in the past by researchers as well as more recent approaches that have been utilized to better understand the constructs of service and service quality and the different concepts used to measure them.
I. Introduction
According to many studies, basketball is the most popular sport among Taiwanese Youth (Wu, 1998; Liang, 2000, & Yu, 2000). Despite this, there are not many junior high schools that were willing to organize teams. Of the 724 junior high schools in Taiwan, only 16 teams (2.2%) had participated in the Division-I Basketball Tournament. These select few also do not have to compete in the local or regional levels to earn their playoff bids. Like most high school programs in the United States (Unknown, 1984; & Norwood, 1987) without a sufficient budget, finding proper coaching staffs to guide interscholastic sports is a difficult task for most Taiwanese secondary schools. Although 16 schools had hired their coaches and enjoyed Division-I competition, the qualifications of these coaches were often overlooked.
The economic value of media rights fees and luxury suites in professional sports are enormous. As a result of increasing revenue in professional sports, team values have risen and will continue to rise to unpredictable levels.
The purpose of this study was to examine the economic values of media revenue, luxury suites, and club seats in North American professional football, baseball, basketball, and hockey franchises. Secondary data from league offices and networks were used to further describe the significance of media and luxury seats revenues to professional sport franchises, and their symbiotic relationships.
ABSTRACT:
Objective. To determine the prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes regarding anabolic steroids among pre-adolescent athletes and to compare our findings with a similar survey done in 1989.
Design. A survey of 1,553 pre-adolescent (10 to 14 year-old) athletes from 34 states.
Abstract
In this paper, the authors analyze the effects of Taekwondo training on personality. The authors found that Taekwondo participants realize, that in addition to the physical training, Taekwondo emphasizes concentration, self-control and self-discipline. Other researchers suggest that Taekwondo training has many psychological benefits, such as enhanced self-esteem, self-concept, reduced aggressiveness, decreased anxiety, increase in personal independence, and ability to take a leadership role. Taekwondo training might be used as a therapeutic program.
Abstract
The concept of leadership has gained a large amount of attention in recent years. This paper investigated the relationships between transformational leadership and organizational effectiveness in the field of recreational sport and leisure. First, it reviewed a discussion on the problem of organizational leadership from the perspective of the transactional-transformational model, particularly the arguments of researchers such as Burns and Bass. It examined the components of transformational leadership, then investigated several approaches regarding the conceptualization and measurement of organizational effectiveness. Finally, it looked at the controversy concerning the impact of transformational leadership upon organizational effectiveness. It argued that greater transformational leadership seems to be at least indirectly related to a higher degree of organizational effectiveness.
INTRODUCTION
In this paper, we describe a study in which we investigate attitudes held by student-athletes and non-athlete students towards academic and athletic success. Athletic success is largely viewed in the United States as a vehicle for disadvantaged students to attain higher education. Most colleges and universities in the U.S. have admittance programs in which a designated percent of students who do not meet standard admissions criteria are allowed to enroll. According to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (1995), about 3% of all students enter college under these programs. However, more than 20% of college football and basketball players enter universities under special admittance programs (Lapchick 1995). Thus, athletic prowess may allow for an increased opportunity for education.